483# “领他们到生命的水泉”表示以神性真理。这从“生命的水泉”的含义清楚可知，“生命的水泉”是指神性真理；“生命”表示从神性存活，“泉”表示圣言，“水”表示由此而来的真理。圣言经常提到“生命水”，它们表示来自主，并被接受的真理。之所以说它们是活的，是因为主就是生命本身，如祂自己所教导的，凡来自生命本身的，都是活的；而凡来自人的，都是死的。主为将生命赋予真理，就通过良善流入它们，良善使它们活过来。主也从更高或内层部分流入，打开属灵心智，赋予它对真理的情感；对真理的属灵情感就是人里面的天堂的真正生命。这生命就是主通过真理灌输给人的。这清楚表明，此处“生命的水泉”和以下经文中的“生命水”表示什么。
以赛亚书：
困苦穷乏人寻求水却没有；他们的舌头因口渴而干燥。我要在净光的高处开江河，在山谷中间造泉源；我要使旷野变为水池，使干地变为水泉。(以赛亚书41:17–18)
此处论述的主题是主对外邦人的拯救，他们在此因真理的缺乏和对真理的无知而被称为“困苦穷乏人”；“他们寻求水却没有；他们的舌头因口渴而干燥”描述了他们渴望从教会里的人那里认识或学习真理，而教会却没有真理，“水”表示真理，“口渴”表示对真理的渴望。“我要在净光的高处开江河，在山谷中间造泉源”表示主将教导他们；“开江河”表示赋予聪明，“在净光的高处”表示在内层人中，“在山谷中间”表示在外层人中，“造泉源”表示在真理上教导人；“使旷野变为水池，使干地变为水泉”表示在那些以前处于真理的缺乏和对真理的无知之人中间，真理的丰富，“旷野”表示因没有真理而没有良善的地方，“干地”表示没有真理，由此没有良善的地方；“水池”和“水泉”表示真理知识的丰富。这清楚表明，此处所指的，不是“水”、“泉源”、“泉”、“河”、“水池”，而是真理的知识和由此而来的聪明，拯救由此而来。
同一先知书：
看哪，你们的神必来报仇，必来拯救你们。那时干地要变为水池，干渴之地要变为水泉。(以赛亚书35:4, 7)
这些话也论及当主要降世时，祂在真理上对外邦人的教导和改造；“干地要变为水池，干渴之地要变为水泉”与前面经文中“旷野变为水池，干地变为水泉”具有相同的含义。
耶利米书：
他们要哭泣而来，我要以恳求领他们；我要把他们引到平直路上的水泉旁，他们在其上必不致绊跌。(耶利米书31:9)
此处论述的主题也是外邦人对主的接受；“祂要把他们引到平直路上的水泉旁，他们在其上必不致绊跌”表示祂要在纯正真理上教导他们。以赛亚书：
他们必不饥不渴，炎热和烈日必不伤害他们，因为怜恤他们的，必引导他们，领他们到水泉旁边。(以赛亚书49:10)
此处论述的，也是主对外邦人的教导；“领他们到水泉旁边”表示在真理上的教导。至于“饥”和“渴”表示什么，可参看前文(AE 480节)，以及“炎热”和“烈日”表示什么(AE 481节)。
约珥书：
到那日，大山要滴甜酒，小山要流奶子；犹大的一切河流都有水流，必有泉源从耶和华家中流出来，灌溉什亭溪河。(约珥书3:18)
“大山要滴甜酒，小山要流奶子；犹大的一切河流都有水流”表示什么，可参看前面的解释(AE 433c节)；“必有泉源从耶和华家中流出来，灌溉什亭溪河”表示必有真理由主那里从天堂而出，光照属世人中的知识或科学和认知。
诗篇：
大地啊，在你面前，在雅各的神面前，你经历产痛；祂使磐石变为水池，使火石变为水泉。(诗篇114:7–8)
此处“水池”和“水泉”表示丰富的真理，教会通过这些真理得以形成；因为“大地啊，你经历产痛”表示教会的开始，当真理在教会中产出时，经上就说教会“经历产痛”，“地”表示教会。
又：
耶和华发出泉源涌入溪河；它们流在山间。它们将喝的给予田野的野兽；野驴得解其渴。天上的飞鸟在水旁住宿。(诗篇104:10–12)
“发出泉源涌入溪河”表示通过来自圣言的真理赋予聪明；“它们流在山间”表示真理将来自爱之良善；“泉源”表示来自圣言的真理，“溪河”表示属于聪明的事物，“山”表示爱之良善。“它们将喝的给予田野的野兽”表示对那些处于教会良善之人的教导；“野驴得解其渴”表示对教会中那些渴望真理之人的教导；“飞鸟在水旁住宿”表示理解力由此得以完善。“田野的野兽”在灵义上表示处于生活良善的外邦人，“野驴”表示属世真理，“渴”表示对真理的渴望，“天上的飞鸟”表示来自理解力的思维。
483b.“泉源”(或涌泉、泉)在至高意义上表示神性真理方面的主，或来自主的神性真理，因而表示圣言，这一点可从以下经文清楚看出来。耶利米书：
我的百姓作了两件恶事，就是离弃我这活水的泉源，为自己凿出池子，是破裂不能存水的池子。(耶利米书2:13)
此处耶和华，也就是主，自称为“活水的泉源”， “活水的泉源”表示圣言，或神性真理，因而表示主自己，主就是圣言；因为经上说：“他们离弃我这活水的泉源。”“为自己凿出池子，是破裂不能存水的池子”表示出于自我聪明为自己构建教义，这些教义里面没有真理；“池子”表示教义，“破裂的池子”表示不一致的教义，“不能存水”表示其中没有真理。不是来自圣言，也就是通过圣言(因为主通过圣言教导人)来自主，而是来自自我聪明的教义就是这样；“他们离弃活水的泉源”表示他们不是被主通过圣言来教导的。
同一先知书：
凡离弃你的，必致蒙羞，离开我的，必写在地里，因为他们离弃耶和华，就是活水的泉源。(耶利米书17:13)
此处耶和华，也就是主，同样因来自祂的神性真理而自称为“活水的泉源”；“写在地里”表示受到诅咒(对此，参看AE 222b节)。
诗篇：
他们必饱享你家里的肥甘；你也必叫他们喝你那喜乐的溪河；因为在你那里有生命的泉源，在你的光中，我们必看见光。(诗篇36:8–9)
“肥甘”表示爱之良善，“喜乐的溪河”表示来自这良善的真理；“叫喝”表示教导；“在你那里有生命的泉源”表示神性真理在主那里，并来自主；由于这就是“生命的泉源”所表示的，所以经上补充说“在你的光中，我们必看见光”，因为“主的光”表示神性真理。
撒迦利亚书：
在那日，因罪与污秽的缘故，必有一泉源为大卫家和耶路撒冷的居民而开。在那日，我要从地上剪除偶像的名，使先知与污灵从这地消失。(撒迦利亚书13:1–2)
此外论述的主题也是主的降临。“在那日，必有一泉源为大卫家和耶路撒冷的居民而开”表示那时那些在主国度的人将理解圣言，也就是理解其中的神性真理，“泉源”表示圣言，“大卫家和耶路撒冷的居民”表示主的属灵国度。主的属灵国度在那些在天堂里的人和地上那些处于神性真理的人中间；“因罪与污秽的缘故”表示通过来自圣言的真理移走邪恶和虚假。由于圣言或其中的神性真理由“泉源”来表示，所以经上说：“在那日，我要从地上剪除偶像的名，使先知与污灵从这地消失。”“偶像”表示虚假的宗教，“先知”表示虚假的教义，“污灵”表示从教义的虚假中流出的邪恶；因为当一个人照着宗教和教义的虚假生活时，他就变成一个污灵。
主自己在约翰福音明确教导，“泉源”表示来自主的神性真理：
当主坐在撒玛利亚地的雅各井旁时，祂对撒玛利亚的妇人说，凡喝这水的，还要再渴；人若喝我所赐他的水，就永远不渴；我所赐他的水，要在他里头成为水泉，直涌到永生。(约翰福音4:5–20)
此处很明显，主所赐的“水”不是指水，而是指神性真理；因为经上说人若喝撒玛利亚妇人来打的水，还要再渴，但喝了主所赐的水，就不会再渴。“这水要在他里头成为水泉，直涌到永生”表示这真理里面有生命。当主赐予真理时，它们里面就有生命，这一点可参看前文。当主坐在雅各井旁时，祂之所以对撒玛利亚妇人说这些话，是因为主所说的“撒玛利亚人”是指将要从祂那里接受神性真理的外邦人；“撒玛利亚妇人”表示由这些人构成的教会；祂所说的“雅各井”是指来自祂自己，也就是来自圣言的神性真理。
摩西五经：
因此，以色列独自安然居住在雅各泉旁。(申命记33:28)
这些话是摩西对以色列的儿子们的预言，形成该预言的结论。由于“以色列”表示处于来自圣言的神性真理的教会，所以经上说“雅各泉旁”，“雅各泉”表示圣言，因而也表示圣言方面的主；事实上，主就是圣言，因为祂就是神性真理，如祂自己在约翰福音(1:1–3, 14)所教导的。在该预言的末尾说这些话，是因为在这个预言中，论述的是圣言。父亲或族长以色列对约瑟的预言中的“泉”所表相同：
约瑟是多结果者之子，是泉旁多结果者之子。(创世记49:22)
此处的“泉”是指雅各泉，因为约瑟的父亲将这泉所在的田地给了约瑟(约翰福音4:5–6)。至于“约瑟是多结果者之子，是泉旁多结果者之子”表示什么，可参看前文(AE 448b节)。单数形式的“泉源”也表示圣言，复数形式的“泉源”表示来自圣言的神性真理，如在诗篇：
你们当在各会中祝福神，就是从以色列泉源(fountain)而来的主。(诗篇68:26)
启示录：
我要将生命水的泉源(fountain)白白赐给那口渴的人。(启示录21:6)
以赛亚书：
你们必从救恩的泉源(fountains)欢然取水。(以赛亚书12:3)
诗篇：
耶和华啊，我所有的泉源(fountains)都在你里面。(诗篇87:7)
由于圣言中的大多数事物也有反面意义，所以单数形式和复数形式的“泉源”同样有反面意义，它们在反面意义上表示虚假的教义和教义的虚假，如在耶利米书：
我必使她的海枯竭，使她的泉源干涸。(耶利米书51:36)
这话论及巴比伦；“她的海”表示整体上的虚假，“她的泉源”表示虚假的教义。
何西阿书：
必有东风刮来，就是耶和华的风从旷野上来。他的泉源必干，他的涌泉必干涸。(何西阿书13:15)
这些话论及以法莲，他在此表示对圣言的扭曲理解，这种扭曲理解通过圣言确认虚假；“他的泉源必干，他的涌泉必因东风，就是从旷野上来的耶和华的风而干涸”表示它的毁灭；“他的泉源”表示由此而来的虚假教义，“涌泉”表示它的虚假，“来自旷野的东风”表示它因来自外在感官事物的谬误而毁灭。当外在感官事物没有从内在事物那里被光照时，它们就会摧毁人的理解力，因为一切谬误都来自这个源头。
诗篇：
你曾用力量将海分开，将水中海怪或鲸鱼的头打破。你曾砸碎利维坦的头，把他给旷野(Ziim或Tziim，中文圣经译为旷野)的人民为食物。你使泉源和溪河裂开，使大能的河枯干。(诗篇74:13–15)
此处“泉源”和“溪河”表示来自自我聪明的虚假教义；“大能的河”是指由此而来的对虚假的确认原则；“海怪或鲸鱼”和“利维坦”表示属于感官和属世人的知识或科学，当它们上面的属灵人关闭时，一切虚假就都源于它们。人的自我就居于感官和属世人，故只基于这些所得出的结论就是从自我，或自我聪明所得出的结论；因为神性通过属灵人流入属世人，当属世人上面的属灵人关闭时，神性不会流入属世人；而属灵人是通过真理和照之的生活而打开的。将利维坦作为食物所赐给的旷野(Ziim或Tziim，中文圣经译为旷野)的“人民”表示那些处于地狱的虚假之人。
483. And shall lead them unto living fountains of waters.- This signifies, in Divine truths, as is evident from the signification of living fountains of waters, which denote Divine truths. By living is signified living from the Divine; by a fountain is signified the Word, and by waters are signified truths thence. Mention is frequently made of living waters in the Word, and by these are meant truths, which come from the Lord and are received. The reason why they are said to be living, is that the Lord is Life Itself, as He Himself teaches, and that which comes from Life Itself is alive; but that which comes from man is dead. The Lord, in order to give life to truths, flows into them, by means of good, and the good vivifies them. He also flows in from the higher or interior, opens the spiritual mind, and gives to it the affection for truth; and the spiritual affection for truth is the very life of heaven in man. This is the life which the Lord instils into man by means of truths. Hence it is evident what living waters and living fountains of waters mean in the following passages.
[2] Thus in Isaiah:
"The poor and needy seek water, and there is none, and their tongue faileth for thirst. I will open rivers on the heights, and fountains in the midst of the valleys; I will make the wilderness (desertum) a pool of waters, and the dry land springs of waters" (41:17, 18).
The subject here is the salvation of the Gentiles by the Lord, and they are here called poor and needy from a want of and ignorance of truth; their desire to know truths from those who are in the church, where no truths existed, is described by their seeking water when there is none, and their tongue failing for thirst, water denoting truth, and thirst the desire thereof. That they shall be instructed by the Lord, is signified by, "I will open rivers on the heights, and fountains in the midst of the valleys." To open rivers denotes to impart intelligence; on the heights denotes in the interior man; in the midst of the valleys denotes in the exterior man, and to make fountains signifies to instruct in truths. To make the wilderness a pool of waters, and the dry land springs of waters, signifies abundance of truth with those who were before in want of and in ignorance [of truth]. The wilderness denotes where there is no good because no truth, and the dry land, where there is no truth and thence no good; a pool of water and springs of water denote abundance of the knowledges of truth. From this it is evident that waters, fountains, springs, rivers, and pools of water, are not here meant, but the knowledges of truth, and thence intelligence, whence comes salvation.
[3] In the same prophet:
"Behold, your God will come with vengeance, and will save you. Then shall the parched place become a pool, and the thirsty ground springs of waters" (35:4, 7).
These things also are said concerning the instruction of the Gentiles in truths, and their reformation by the Lord when He should come into the world. By the parched place becoming a pool, and the thirsty ground springs of waters, are signified things similar to those mentioned above, by which the wilderness shall become a pool or collection of waters, and the dry land springs of waters.
[4] In Jeremiah:
"They shall come with weeping; and with prayers will I bring them; I will lead them to fountains of waters in a straight way, let them not stumble in it" (31:9).
Here also the subject is the reception of the Lord by the Gentiles. That he would instruct them in genuine truths is signified by his leading them in a straight way, let them not stumble in it.
In Isaiah:
"They shall not hunger nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor the sun smite them; for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the fountains of water shall he guide them" (49:10).
Here also the instruction of the Gentiles by the Lord is treated of. Instruction in truths is meant by leading them by the springs of water.
[5] The signification of hungering and thirsting, may be seen above (n. 433:13). A fountain shall go forth out of the house of Jehovah, and shall water the river of Shittim, signifies truth out of heaven from the Lord illustrating the scientifics and knowledges which are in the natural man.
[6] In David:
"Thou bringest forth, O earth, at thy presence, at the presence of the God of Jacob; who turned the rock into a lake of waters, the flint into a fountain of waters" (Psalm 114:7,8).
The lake of waters, and the fountain of waters here also mean truths in abundance, by which the church is formed; for by the earth bringing forth is signified the commencement of the church, which is said to bring forth, when truths are produced there, the earth denoting the church.
[7] So again:
Jehovah "who sendeth forth fountains into rivers; let them run between the mountains. They give drink to the beast of the fields; the wild asses quench their thirst. By them the fowl of the heavens have their habitation" (Psalm 104:10-12).
To send forth springs into the rivers signifies to give intelligence by means of truths from the Word; their going between the mountains, signifies that they are from the good of love; fountains denoting truths from the Word, rivers the things which pertain to intelligence, and mountains the goods of love. The instruction of those who are in the good of the church is signified by the words they give drink to the beast of the fields; and the instruction of those in the church who desire truths is signified by the wild asses quench their thirst; that thence the understanding is perfected, is signified by the fowl having their habitation near them. The beasts of the fields, in the spiritual sense, mean the Gentiles who are in the good of life, and wild asses, natural truth. Thirst means a desire for truths; and by the bird of the heavens are meant thoughts from the understanding.
[8] That a fountain, in the highest sense, means the Lord as to Divine Truth, or Divine Truth from the Lord, consequently the Word, is evident from the following passages.
In Jeremiah:
"My people have committed two evils; they have forsaken me, the fountain of living waters, to hew them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that hold no water" (2:13).
Here Jehovah, that is, the Lord, calls Himself a fountain of living waters, by which is signified the Word, or Divine Truth, consequently the Lord Himself, who is the Word; for it is said, "they have forsaken me, the fountain of living waters, to hew them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that hold no water," which signifies that they had framed to themselves doctrinals from their own intelligence, in which there are no truths. Cisterns denote doctrinals, broken cisterns denote doctrinals that are not consistent. That can hold no water, signifies in which there are no truths. Such are the doctrinals that are not from the Word, that is from the Lord through the Word (for the Lord teaches by means of the Word), but they are from man's own intelligence. That they were not taught by the Lord by means of the Word, is meant by the words they have forsaken the fountain of living waters.
[9] Again,
"All that forsake thee shall be ashamed, and they that depart from me shall be written in the earth, because they have forsaken Jehovah, the fountain of living waters" (222:6).
[10] Again, in David:
"They shall be filled with the fatness of thy house; and thou shalt cause them to drink of the stream of delights. For with thee is the fountain of life; in thy light we see light" (36:8, 9).
Fatness signifies the good of love, and the stream of delights, truth from that good; to cause them drink denotes to teach. With thee is the fountain of life, signifies that Divine Truth is with the Lord and from Him; because this is signified by the fountain of life, it is therefore added, "in thy light we see light," for the light of the Lord signifies Divine Truth.
[11] In Zechariah:
"In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem for sin and for uncleanness. And it shall come to pass in that day, saith Jehovah of hosts, that I will cut off the names of the idols out of the land, also I will cause the prophets and the unclean spirit to pass out of the land" (13:1, 2).
Here also the subject is the coming of the Lord. That those who are in the kingdom of the Lord shall then understand the Word, or the Divine Truth contained therein, is signified by, "In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem," a fountain signifying the Word, the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spiritual kingdom of the Lord with those in the heavens and on the earth who are in Divine Truths; for sin and for uncleanness, signifies the removal of evils and falsities by means of truths from the Word. Because a fountain means the Word or the Divine Truth therein, it is therefore said, "I will cut off the names of the idols out of the land, also I will cause the prophets and the unclean spirit to pass out of the land." False religion is signified by idols, false doctrine by prophets, and the evils flowing from falsities of doctrine by the unclean spirit; for when man lives according to the falsities of religion and of doctrine, he becomes an unclean spirit.
[12] That Divine Truth from the Lord is meant by a fountain, the Lord Himself plainly teaches in John.
When He sat at Jacob's well in the land of Samaria, He said to the Samaritan woman, "Every one that drinketh of this water shall thirst again; but whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall become in him a well of water springing up unto eternal life" (4:6, 13, 14).
Here it is evident that the water which the Lord gives, does not mean water, but Divine Truth, for it is said from the water which the woman of Samaria came to draw, that a man thirsts again, but not so from the water which the Lord gives. That there is life in that truth, is meant by that water becoming in him a well of water springing up unto eternal life. That there is life in truths when the Lord gives them, may be seen in this article above. The reason why the Lord said these things to the woman of Samaria, when He sat at the well of Jacob, was, that by the Samaritans the Lord meant the Gentiles, who would receive Divine truths from Him; and by the woman of Samaria, the church from them; and by Jacob's well He meant Divine Truth from Himself, or the Word.
[13] In Moses:
"Thus Israel dwelleth in safety alone at the fountain of Jacob" (Deuteronomy 33:28).
These words form the conclusion of the prophecy of Moses concerning the sons of Israel. Because in that prophecy Israel signifies the church which is in Divine truths from the Word, therefore it is said at the fountain of Jacob, which means the Word, and thus also the Lord as to the Word; for He is the Word, because He is the Divine Truth, as He teaches in John (chap. 1:1-3). These things are said at the end of that prophecy, because in it the Word is treated of. The same is meant by that fountain in the prophecy of the patriarch Israel concerning Joseph:
"The son of a fruitful one is Joseph, the son of a fruitful one near a fountain" (Genesis 49:22).
A fountain here means the fountain of Jacob, for the field in which that fountain was situated, was given to Joseph by his father (John 4:5, 6). What is signified by Joseph being the son of a fruitful one near a fountain, may be seen above (n. Psalm 68:26).
In the Apocalypse:
"I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely" (21:6).
In Isaiah:
"Therefore with joy shall ye draw waters out of the fountains of salvation" (12:3).
In David:
"All my fountains are in thee," O Jehovah (87:7).
[14] Since most things in the Word have an opposite sense, and so also have the words fountain and fountains, in which sense they signify the doctrine of falsities, and the falsities of doctrine, as in Jeremiah:
"I will dry up her sea, and make her fountain dry" (51:36).
This is spoken of Babylon; and by her sea are signified her falsities in their entirety, and by her fountain the doctrine of falsity.
[15] So in Hosea:
"An east wind shall come, the wind of Jehovah shall come up from the wilderness, and his fountain shall become dry, and his spring shall be dried up" (13:15).
This is spoken of Ephraim, who there signifies the perverted understanding of the Word, by which falsities are confirmed by means of the Word; the destruction thereof is signified by his fountain becoming dry, and his spring being dried up by the east wind, the wind of Jehovah from the wilderness. A fountain denotes the doctrine of falsity, a spring, the false thereof, and the east wind from the desert the destruction of it from fallacies which are from sensual externals. For sensual external things, when they are not illustrated from things internal, destroy the understanding of man, because all fallacies are thence derived.
[16] Again, in David:
"Thou didst break up the sea by thy strength; thou brakest the heads of the sea monsters in the waters. Thou brakest the heads of leviathan in pieces, and gavest him to be meat to the people of Tziim. Thou didst break through the fountains and the river; thou driedst up mighty rivers" (Psalm 74:13-15).
Here also, by fountains and rivers are signified the falsities of doctrine from man's own intelligence; the mighty rivers are confirmed principles of falsity thence. The sea monsters and leviathan signify the scientifics which pertain to the sensual and natural man, from which all falsity springs when the spiritual man above them is closed. Man's proprium resides in the sensual and natural man, therefore conclusions formed from these alone are formed from the proprium, or from man's own intelligence; for the Divine flows in through the spiritual man into the natural, but not into the natural when the spiritual above it is closed, whereas the spiritual man is opened by means of truths, and by a life according to them. The people Tziim to whom leviathan is said to be given for meat, signify those who are in infernal falsities.
483. And shall guide them unto living fountains of waters, signifies in Divine truths. This is evident from the signification of "living fountains of waters," as being Divine truths, "living" signifying living from the Divine, "fountain" the Word, and "waters" truths therefrom. "Living waters" are often mentioned in the Word, and by them are meant truths that come from the Lord and are received. These are living, because the Lord is Life itself, as He Himself teaches, and that which comes from Life itself is living; while that which comes from man is dead. That the Lord may give life to truths, He flows into them through good, and good makes alive. The Lord also flows in out of the higher or interior parts, and opens the spiritual mind, and imparts to it the affection of truth; and the spiritual affection of truth is the very life of heaven with man. This life is what the Lord insinuates into man by means of truths. This makes clear what is meant here by "living fountains of waters," and by "living waters" in the following passages.
[2] In Isaiah:
When the poor and needy seek water and there is none, their tongue faileth for thirst. I will open rivers on the bare heights, and fountains will I place in the midst of the valleys; I will make the wilderness into a pool of waters, and the dry land into springs of waters (Isaiah 41:17, 18).
This treats of the saving of the nations by the Lord, who are called "poor and needy" from the lack and ignorance of truth; their desire to learn truths from those who are in the church, where there were no truths, is described by "they seek waters and there are none, and their tongue faileth for thirst," "water," meaning truth, and "thirst" the desire for truth. That the Lord will instruct them is signified by "I will open rivers on the bare heights, and fountains will I place in the midst of the valleys;" "to open rivers" meaning to give intelligence, "on the bare heights" meaning in the interior man, "in the midst of the valleys" in the exterior man, and "to place fountains" to instruct in truths; "to make the wilderness into a pool of waters, and the dry land into springs of waters" signifies abundance of truth with those who before were in the lack and ignorance thereof, "wilderness" meaning where there is no good because there is no truth, and "dry land" where there is no truth and thence no good; a "pool of waters" and "fountains of waters" signify abundance of the knowledges of truth. This makes clear that "waters," "fountains," "springs," "rivers," and "pools of water," are not here meant, but the knowledges of truth and intelligence therefrom, whence comes salvation.
[3] In the same:
Behold your God will come for vengeance, and will save you. Then the dry place shall become a pool, and the thirsty place springs of water (Isaiah 35:4, 7).
This, too, is said of the instruction of the nations in truths, and their reformation by the Lord when He should come into the world; and "the dry place shall became a pool, and the thirsty place springs of waters," has a similar signification as "the wilderness shall become a pool (or collection) of waters, and the dry land springs of waters," in the passage above.
[4] In Jeremiah:
They shall come with weeping and with supplication will I lead them; I will make them go unto the brooks 1of waters in the way of right, they shall not stumble in it (480; also what "heat" and "sun" signify, n. 481)
[5] In Joel:
It shall come to pass in that day that the mountains shall drop down must, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the water-courses of Judah shall flow with waters, and a fountain shall go forth out of the house of Jehovah and shall water the brook of Shittim (433; and that "a fountain shall go forth out of the house of Jehovah and shall water the brook of Shittim" signifies that there shall be truth out of heaven from the Lord illustrating the knowledges and cognitions that are in the natural man.
[6] In David:
Before Thee thou art in travail, O earth, before the God of Jacob; who turned the rock into a pool of waters, the flint into a fountain of waters (Psalms 114:7, 8).
"Pool of waters" and "fountain of waters" here mean truths in abundance, by means of which is the church; for "thou art in travail, O earth," signifies the commencement of the church, which is said "to be in travail" when truths are brought forth therein, "the earth" meaning the church.
[7] In the same:
Jehovah sendeth forth springs into the brooks; they go between the mountains. They give drink to the wild beast of the fields; the wild asses quench their thirst. By them the fowl of the heavens dwell (Psalms 104:10-12).
"To send forth springs into the brooks" signifies to give intelligence by means of truths from the Word; "they go between the mountains" signifies that truths will be from the good of love; "the springs" meaning truths from the Word, "the brooks" the things that are of intelligence, and "mountains" the good of love. The instruction of those who are in the good of the church is signified by "they give drink to the wild beast of the fields;" the instruction of those in the church who desire truths is signified by "the wild asses quench their thirst;" that the understanding is thus perfected is signified by "the fowl shall dwell by them." "The wild beast of the fields" mean in the spiritual sense the Gentiles that are in the good of life, "the wild asses" natural truth, "thirst" the desire for truths, and "the fowl of the heavens" thoughts from the understanding.
[8] In the highest sense, a "fountain" means the Lord in relation to Divine truth or Divine truth from the Lord, consequently the Word, as can be seen from the following passages. In Jeremiah:
My people hath done two evils; they have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters, to hew out for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns, that hold no waters (Jeremiah 2:13).
Here Jehovah, that is, the Lord, calls Himself "the fountain of living waters," which signifies the Word, or Divine truth, consequently the Lord Himself, who is the Word; for it is said, "they have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters." "To hew out for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns, that hold no waters," signifies to frame for themselves doctrinals from self-intelligence, in which there are no truths, "cisterns" meaning doctrinals, "broken cisterns" doctrinals that do not hold together, "that hold no waters" signifies in which there are no truths. Such are the doctrinals that are not from the Word, that is, from the Lord through the Word (for the Lord teaches through the Word), but are from self-intelligence; that these are not from the Lord through the Word is meant by "they have forsaken the fountain of living waters."
[9] In the same:
All that forsake Thee shall be ashamed, and they that depart from Me shall be written on the earth, because they have forsaken the fountain of living waters, Jehovah (222).
[10] In David:
They shall be filled with the fatness of Thy house; and Thou makest them drink of the brook of Thy delights; for with Thee is the fountain of life, in Thy light shall we see light (Psalms 36:8, 9).
"Fatness" signifies the good of love, and "the brook of delights" truth from that good; "to make to drink" means to teach; "with Thee is the fountain of life" signifies that with the Lord and from Him is Divine truth; because that is what is signified by "the fountain of life" it is added, "in Thy light shall we see light," for "the light of the Lord" means Divine truth.
[11] In Zechariah:
In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem for sin and for impurity. And in that day I will cut off the names of the idols out of the land; and I will cause the prophets and the unclean spirit to pass out of the land (Zechariah 13:1, 2).
This also treats of the Lord's coming. That those who are in the Lord's kingdom will then understand the Word, that is, the Divine truth therein, is signified by "In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem," "a fountain" signifying the Word, "the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem" the Lord's spiritual kingdom. The Lord's spiritual kingdom is with those in the heavens and on the earth who are in Divine truths; "for sin and for impurity" signifies the removal of evils and falsities by means of truths from the Word. Because the Word or the Divine truth therein is meant by a "fountain" it is said, "In that day I will cut off the names of the idols out of the land, and I will cause the prophets and the unclean spirit to pass out of the land;" "idols" signifying a false religion, "prophets" false doctrine, and "the unclean spirit" evils flowing from the falsities of doctrine; for when a man lives according to the falsities of religion and doctrine he becomes an unclean spirit.
[12] That Divine truth from the Lord is meant by a "fountain" the Lord Himself teaches in plain words in John:
When the Lord sat by Jacob's fountain in the field of Samaria, He said to the woman of Samaria, Everyone that drinketh of this water shall thirst again; but whosoever shall drink of the water that I shall give him shall not thirst forever; but the water that I shall give him shall become in him a fountain of water springing up unto everlasting life (John 4:5-20).
It is clear that the "water" that the Lord gives does not mean water, but Divine truth; for it is said that in drinking of the water the woman of Samaria came to draw, one thirsts again, but not of the water that the Lord gives. That "that water shall become in him a fountain of water springing up unto everlasting life" means that in that truth is life. That there is life in truths when the Lord gives them may be seen in this article above. The Lord said these things to the woman of Samaria, when He sat by Jacob's fountain, because by the "Samaritans" the Lord meant the Gentiles that were to receive Divine truths from Him; and by the "woman of Samaria" a church constituted of such; and by "Jacob's fountain" Divine truth from Himself, that is, the Word.
[13] In Moses:
Thus Israel dwelt securely alone by the fountain of Jacob (Deuteronomy 33:28).
This is in the prophecy of Moses respecting the sons of Israel, in the conclusion of that prophecy. Because "Israel" here signifies the church that is in Divine truths from the Word, therefore it is said "by the fountain of Jacob," which means the Word; so, too, the Lord in relation to the Word, for He is the Word because He is Divine truth, as He Himself teaches in John (John 1:1-3, 14). This is said at the end of that prophecy, because in that prophecy the Word is treated of. "Fountain" has a similar meaning in the prophecy of Israel the father respecting Joseph:
The son of a fruitful one is Joseph, the son of a fruitful one by the fountain (Genesis 49:22).
"Fountain" here means the fountain of Jacob, for the field that contained that fountain was given to Joseph by his father (John 4:5, 6). What is signified by "Joseph the son of a fruitful one, the son of a fruitful one by the fountain," may be seen above n. Psalms 68:26).
In Revelation:
I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely (Revelation 21:6).
In Isaiah:
Then with gladness shall ye draw waters out of the fountains of salvation (Isaiah 12:3).
In David:
All my fountains are in Thee, Jehovah (Psalms 87:7).
[14] As most things in the Word have also a contrary sense, so have "fountain" and "fountains," and in that sense they signify the doctrine of falsities, and falsities of doctrine. Thus in Jeremiah:
I will dry up her sea and make her fountain dry (Jeremiah 51:36).
This is said of Babylon; and her "sea" signifies falsities in one complex, and "fountain" the doctrine of falsity.
[15] In Hosea:
An east wind shall come, the wind of Jehovah, coming up from the wilderness; and his fountain shall become dry, and his spring shall be dried up (Hosea 13:15).
This is said of Ephraim, and by him is here meant a perverted understanding of the Word which confirms falsities by means of the Word; its destruction is signified by "his fountain shall become dry, and his spring shall be dried up by the east wind, the wind of Jehovah from the wilderness;" "his fountain" meaning the doctrine of falsity thence, "spring" its falsity, and "the east wind from the wilderness" its destruction by fallacies that are from external sensual things; for external sensual things, when they are not illustrated from things internal, destroy man's understanding, because all fallacies are from that source.
[16] In David:
Thou hast broken up the sea by Thy strength; Thou hast broken the heads of the whales in the waters. Thou hast crushed in the heads of leviathan, and hast given him to be food to the people, for the Ziim. Thou didst cleave fountains and brooks; Thou hast dried up the rivers of strength (Psalms 74:13-15).
Here, too, "fountains" and "brooks" signify false doctrine, which is from self-intelligence; "the rivers of strength" are confirmed principles of falsity therefrom; "the whales" and "leviathan" signify knowledges [scientifica] belonging to the sensual and natural man, from which is all falsity when the spiritual man is closed over them. The sensual and natural man are the seat of what is man's own [proprium], therefore conclusions drawn from those alone are conclusions from one's own [proprium] or from self-intelligence; for the Divine flows in through the spiritual man into the natural, and not into the natural when the spiritual is closed over it, but the spiritual man is opened by means of truths and a life according to them. The "people, the Ziim to whom leviathan is to be given for food," signify those who are in infernal falsities.
Footnotes:
1. The photolithograph has "fountains," the Hebrew "brooks."
483. "Et deducet eos ad vivos fontes aquarum." - Quod significet in Divinis veris, constat ex significatione "vivorum fontium aquarum", quod sint Divina vera; per "vivum" significatur vivens a Divino, per "fontem" significatur Verbum, et per "aquas" vera inde. In Verbo pluries dicuntur "aquae vivae", et per illas intelliguntur vera quae a Domino veniunt et recipiuntur; quod illa sint viva, est quia Dominus est ipsa Vita, ut Ipse docet; et quod ex ipsa vita venit, hoc vivum est; quod autem ab homine venit, hoc mortuum est. Ut Dominus det vitam veris, influit per bonum in illa, et bonum vivificat; influit etiam e superiori seu interiori, et aperit mentem spiritualem, et ei indit affectionem veri; et affectio veri spiritualis est ipsa vita caeli apud hominem. Haec vita est quae insinuatur homini a Domino per vera. Inde constare potest quid intelligitur per "aquas vivas", et hic per "vivos fontes aquarum", in sequentibus his locis:
[2] - Apud Esaiam,
"Pauperes et egeni quaerentes aquam, sed non; lingua eorum siti deficit;.... aperiam super clivis fluvios, et in medio vallium fontes ponam, desertum in stagnum aquarum, et terram siccam in scaturigines aquarum" (Esaias 41:17, 18):
agitur ibi de salvatione gentium a Domino, qui "pauperes et egeni" dicuntur ex defectu et ignorantia veri: desiderium eorum sciendi vera ab illis qui in ecclesia, ubi non vera erant, describitur per quod "quaerant aquas, et non, lingua eorum siti deficit"; "aqua" est verum, "sitire" est desiderare illud: quod instruentur a Domino, significatur per "Aperiam super clivis fluvios, et in medio vallium fontes ponam"; "aperire fluvios" est dare intelligentiam, "in clivis" est in interiori homine, "in medio vallium" est in exteriori homine, "ponere fontes" est instruere in veris: "ponere desertum in stagnum aquarum, et terram siccam in scaturigines aquarum", significat abundantiam veri apud illos qui prius in defectu et in ignorantia fuerunt; "desertum" est ubi non bonum quia non verum, "terra sicca" ubi non verum et inde non bonum; "stagnum aquarum" et "fontes aquarum" significant abundantiam cognitionum veri: ex his manifeste patet quod hic per "aquas", "fontes", "scaturigines, fluvios" et "stagna aquarum", non illa significentur, sed cognitiones veri et inde intelligentia, unde salvatio.
[3] Apud eundem,
Ecce Deus Vester in vindictam veniet, .... et salvabit vos;.... tunc erit aridus locus in stagnum, et siticulosus in scaturigines aquarum (Esaiam 35:47 1
):
haec quoque de gentium instructione in veris et illarum reformatione a Domino, cum venturus in mundum, dicta sunt; ac per quod "aridus locus erit in stagnum, et siticulosus in scaturigines aquarum", significantur similia quae mox supra, per quod "desertum erit in stagnum" seu collectionem "aquarum, et terra sicca in scaturigines aquarum."
[4] Apud Jeremiam,
"Cum fletu venient, et cum precibus adducam eos; ducam eos ad fontes aquarum in via recti, non impingant in ea" (31:9):
hic quoque de receptione Domini a gentibus agitur; quod instructurus eos in genuinis veris, significatur per quod "ducet eos ad fontes aquarum in via recti, non impingant in ea."
Apud Esaiam,
"Non esurient et sitient, neque percutiet eos aestus aut sol; nam miserescens eorum ducet eos, 2
ut et super fontibus aquarum ducturus est eos" (49:10):
hic quoque de instructione gentium a Domino: instructio in veris intelligitur per quod "super fontibus aquarum ducturus sit eos." (Quid significat "esurire" et "sitire", videatur supra, n. 480; tum quid "aestus" et "sol", etiam supra, n. 481.)
[5] ; quid significatur per quod "montes stillabunt mustum, colles fluent lacte, et omnes rivi Jehudae fluent aquis", videatur explicatum supra (n. 433 [c]); et quod "fons e domo Jehovae exibit et irrigabit flumen schittim" significat quod e caelo a Domino erit verum illustrans scientifica et cognitiones quae in naturali.
[6] Apud Davidem,
"Coram" Te "parturis, terra, a coram Deo Jacobi, qui convertit petram in stagnum aquarum, silicem in fontem aquarum" (Psalms 114:7, 8):
per "stagnum aquarum" et per "fontem aquarum" hic quoque intelliguntur vera in copia, per quae ecclesia; nam per "parturis, terra" significatur incohatio ecclesiae, quae tunc "parturire" dicitur quando ibi producuntur vera; "terra" est ecclesia.
[7] Apud eundem,
Jehovah "qui emittit fontes in fluvios, inter montes eant, potum praebent ferae agrorum, frangunt onagri sitim suam, juxta illos avis caelorum habitat" (Psalms 104:10-12):
"emittere fontes in fluvios" significat dare intelligentiam per vera e Verbo; "inter montes eant" significat quae ex bono amoris erunt; "fontes" sunt vera ex Verbo, "fluvii" sunt illa quae intelligentiae sunt, et "montes" sunt bona amoris: instructio eorum qui in ecclesiae bono sunt, significatur per quod "potum praebeant ferae agrorum"; instructio eorum in ecclesia qui desiderant vera, significatur per quod "frangent onagri sitim"; quod inde intellectus perficiatur, significatur per quod "juxta illos avis habitet"; per "feras agrorum" in sensu spirituali intelliguntur gentes quae in bono vitae sunt; per "onagros" naturale verum; per "sitim" desiderium ad vera; et per "avem caelorum" significantur cogitationes ex intellectu.
[8] Quod per "fontem" in supremo sensu intelligatur Dominus quoad Divinum Verum, seu Divinum Verum a Domino, proinde Verbum, constare potest a sequentibus his locis:
- Apud Jeremiam,
"Duo mala fecit populus meus, Me deseruerunt Fontem aquarum vivarum, ad excidendum sibi foveas, foveas confractas quae non continent aquas" (2:13 3
):
hic Jehovah, hoc est, Dominus, Se vocat "Fontem aquarum vivarum", per quem significatur Verbum seu Divinum Verum, proinde Ipse Dominus qui est Verbum; nam dicitur, "Me deseruerunt Fontem aquarum vivarum": "ad excidendum sibi foveas, foveas confractas quae non continent aquas", significat ad fingendum sibi doctrinalia ex propria intelligentia, in quibus non vera; "foveae" sunt doctrinalia, "foveae confractae" sunt doctrinalia quae non cohaerent, "quae non continent aquas" significat in quibus non vera: talia sunt doctrinalia quae non ex Verbo, hoc est, a Domino per Verbum (nam Dominus per Verbum docet), sed ex propria intelligentia; quod non a Domino per Verbum, intelligitur per quod "deseruerint Fontem aquarum vivarum."
[9] Apud eundem,
"Omnes relinquentes Te pudefient, et recedentes a Me in terra scribentur; quia deseruerunt Fontem aquarum vivarum Jehovam" (17:13):
hic similiter Jehovah, hoc est, Dominus, Se vocat "Fontem aquarum vivarum", a Divino Vero quod ab Ipso; "in terra scribi" significat damnari (videatur supra, n. 222 [d]).
[10] Apud Davidem,
"Implentur pinguedine domus tuae, et flumine deliciarum potas eos, quia Tecum fons vitae, in luce tua videmus lucem" (Psalms 36:9, 10 [B.A. 8, 9]):
per "pinguedinem" significatur bonum amoris, et per "flumen deliciarum" verum ex illo bono; "potare" est docere: "Tecum fons vitae" significat quod cum Domino et ex Ipso sit Divinum Verum; quia id per "fontem vitae significatur, ideo etiam dicitur, "In luce tua videmus lucem"; per "lucem" Domini significatur Divinum Verum.
[11] Apud Sachariam,
"In die illo erit fons apertus domui Davidis, et habitatoribus Hierosolymae, pro peccato et immunditie:.... et in die illo.... exscindam nomina idolorum e terra, .... etiam prophetas et spiritum immundum transire faciam e terra" (13:1 [, 2]):
etiam haec de adventu Domini: quod tunc intellecturi sint Verbum, seu Divinum Verum inibi, illi qui in regno Domini sunt, significatur per "In die illo erit fons apertus domui Davidis, et habitatoribus Hierosolymae"; "fons" significat Verbum, "domus Davidis et habitatores Hierosolymae" regnum spirituale Domini; regnum Domini spirituale est apud illos in caelis et in terris qui in Divinis veris sunt: "pro peccato et immunditie" significat remotionem malorum et falsorum per vera ex Verbo: quia per "fontem" intelligitur Verbum seu Divinum Verum inibi, ideo dicitur, "In die illo exscindam nomina idolorum, etiam prophetas et spiritum immundum transire faciam e terra"; per "idola" significatur falsa religio, per "prophetas" falsa doctrina, et per "spiritum immundum" mala scaturientia ex falsis doctrinae; nam dum vivitur secundum falsa religionis et doctrinae fit spiritus immundus.
[12] Quod Divinum Verum a Domino intelligatur per "fontem", manifestis verbis docet Ipse Dominus apud Johannem,
Cum Dominus consedit ad fontem Jacobi in agro samariae, dixit mulieri Samaritidi, "Omnis qui bibit ex aqua hac, sitiet iterum; qui vero biberit ex aqua quam Ego dabo ei, non sitiet in aeternum; sed aqua quam dabo ei, fiet in eo fons aquae salientis in vitam aeternam" (4:5-20):
quod per "aquam", quam Dominus dat, non intelligatur aqua, sed Divinum Verum, manifeste constat, nam dicitur quod ex aqua illa quam mulier Samaritis venit ad hauriendum, sitiatur iterum, non autem ex aqua quam Dominus dat; quod vita in illo Vero sit, intelligitur per quod illa aqua "in eo fiet fons aquae salientis in vitam aeternam ": (quod vita in veris sit, cum Dominus illa dat, videatur supra in hoc articulo): quod Dominus haec dixerit mulieri Samaritidi, cum consedit, juxta fontem Jacobi, erat causa, quia per "Samaritas" intellexit Dominus gentes, qui recepturi Divina vera ab Ipso; et per "mulierem Samaritidem" ecclesiam ex illis; et quia per "fontem Jacobi" intellexit Divinum Verum a Se, seu Verbum.
[13] Apud Mosen,
"Ita habitavit Israel secure solitarius apud fontem Jacobi" (Deuteronomius 33:28):
haec in prophetia Mosis de filiis Israelis, quae prophetia per haec concluditur. Quia "Israel" ibi significat ecclesiam quae in Divinis veris ex Verbo est, ideo dicitur "ad fontem Jacobi", per quem intelligitur Verbum; ita quoque Dominus quoad Verbum, Ipse enim est Verbum; quia est Divinum Verum, ut Ipse docet apud Johannem (1:1-3, 14). Haec dicta sunt in fine prophetiae illius, quia in prophetia illa agitur de Verbo. Simile per "fontem" illum etiam intelligitur in prophetia Israelis patris de Josepho,
"Filius fecundae Josephus, filius fecundae juxta fontem" (Genesis 49:22):
per "fontem" hic intelligitur fons Jacobi, nam ager in quo ille fons, datus erat Josepho a patre ejus (videatur Johannes 4:5, 6): quid significatur per "Filius fecundae Josephus, filius fecundae juxta fontem", videatur supra (n. 448 [b]). Per "fontem " etiam intelligitur Verbum, ac per "fontes" Divina vera ex illo, apud Davidem,
"In congregationibus benedicite Deo, Domino e fonte Israelis" (Ps. 68:27 4
[Ps. 68:26]);
in Apocalypsi,
Sitienti dabo ex fonte aquae Vitae gratis" (21:6);
apud Esaiam,
"Tunc haurietis aquas cum laetitia e fontibus salutis" (12:3);
apud Davidem,
"Omnes fontes mei in Te", Jehovah (Psalms 87:7).
[14] Quoniam pleraque in Verbo etiam sensum oppositum habent, ita etiam "fons" et "fontes", in quo sensu significant doctrinam falsorum ac falsa doctrinae:
- Ut apud Jeremiam,
"Exsiccabo mare ejus, et arefaciam fontem ejus" (51:36):
haec de Babele, et per "mare" ejus significantur falsa in uno complexu, et per "fontem" doctrina falsi.
[15] Apud Hoscheam,
"Veniet eurus, ventus Jehovae, a deserto ascendens, et exarescet fons ejus, et exsiccabitur scaturigo ejus" (13:15):
haec de Ephraim, et per eum ibi intelligitur perversus intellectus Verbi, quo falsa per Verbum confirmantur; destructio ejus significatur per quod "fons ejus exarescet, et scaturigo ejus exsiccabitur per eurum, ventum Jehovae, a deserto"; "fons" ejus est doctrina falsi inde, "scaturigo" est falsum ejus, "eurus ex deserto" est destructio ejus ex fallaciis quae ex sensualibus externis; sensualia enim externa, dum non illustrata sunt ab internis, destruunt intellectum hominis, quia omnes fallaciae inde sunt.
[16] Apud Davidem,
"Tu perrupisti robore tuo mare, fregisti capita balaenarum super aquis: Tu confregisti capita leviathanis, dedisti eum cibum populo ziim; Tu perrupisti fontes et fluvium; Tu exsiccasti fluvios roboris" (Psalms 74:13-15):
hic quoque per "fontes" et "fluvios" significatur falsa doctrina, quae ex propria intelligentia; "fluvii roboris" sunt inde principia falsi confirmata; per "balaenas" et "leviathanem" significantur scientifica, quae sunt sensualis et naturalis hominis, ex quibus omne falsum, quando super iis occlusus est spiritualis homo: in sensuali et naturali homine residet proprium hominis; quare quod ex illis solis concluditur, ex proprio seu ex propria intelligentia concluditur: Divinum enim influit per spiritualem hominem in naturalem, non autem in naturalem quando super illo occlusus est spiritualis; at spiritualis homo aperitur per vera et per vitam secundum illa: "populus ziim", cui leviathan daretur in cibum, significat illos qui in falsis infernalibus sunt.
Footnotes:
1. The editors made a correction or note here.
2. The editors made a correction or note here.
3. The editors made a correction or note here.
4. The editors made a correction or note here.